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Mental & Physical Health20255 min read

Who Stays Active? A Surprising Global Snapshot

Comparison of the relationship between key demographic features and physical activity levels across 22 countries

Notable finding

Filipinos report over 5 times more active days than Egyptians.

By
Lee, Chung Gun et al.
Participants
202,898
Countries
22
Journal
BMC Public Health
DOI
10.1186/s12889-025-23594-3
Chat with paper
Chat with paper
§1

Key Takeaways

01

Across 22 countries, certain demographic groups consistently report higher levels of physical activity, including men, adults aged 60-69, those with higher education, and frequent attendees of religious services.

02

There are large differences in physical activity levels between countries, with people in the Philippines reporting the most active days and people in Egypt reporting the fewest.

03

Countries with greater inequality in physical activity participation also tend to have lower overall average activity levels.

§2

Why It Matters

Our opportunity to lead an active life is shaped by our social and economic reality, not just personal choice.

This research matters because it reveals just how unevenly physical activity is distributed across the globe — and how deeply it is tied to social factors like education, gender, immigration status, and even religious participation. Physical activity lowers the risk of heart disease, diabetes, cancer, and dementia, yet billions of people remain insufficiently active. By mapping who exercises and who doesn't across 22 diverse countries, this study gives policymakers and public health leaders a clearer picture of where to focus their efforts. Countries with high inequality in activity levels — like Egypt, where participation is extremely uneven — may need different strategies than countries where activity is low but more evenly distributed. The findings also highlight overlooked groups, such as immigrants and people with less education, who may face cultural, financial, or structural barriers to exercise. Understanding these gaps is the first step toward closing them.

This research matters because it reveals just how unevenly physical activity is distributed across the globe — and how deeply it is tied to social factors like education, gender, immigration status, and even religious participation. Physical activity lowers the risk of heart disease, diabetes, cancer, and dementia, yet billions of people remain insufficiently active. By mapping who exercises and who doesn't across 22 diverse countries, this study gives policymakers and public health leaders a clearer picture of where to focus their efforts. Countries with high inequality in activity levels — like Egypt, where participation is extremely uneven — may need different strategies than countries where activity is low but more evenly distributed. The findings also highlight overlooked groups, such as immigrants and people with less education, who may face cultural, financial, or structural barriers to exercise. Understanding these gaps is the first step toward closing them.

Our opportunity to lead an active life is shaped by our social and economic reality, not just personal choice.

§3

The Story

We all know exercise is good for us. But who actually does it — and how much — turns out to depend a lot on where you live and who you are. Researchers looked at data from over 200,000 people across 22 countries, asking a simple question: how many days per week did you exercise for at least 30 minutes?

On average, people in their sixties report more days of physical activity than many younger age groups.

The answers varied enormously. People in the Philippines reported the most active days (about 3. 8 per week), while people in Egypt reported the fewest (less than 1 per week). Beyond country differences, the study found clear patterns tied to identity and life circumstances.

On average, men reported more active days than women. People in their late teens and early twenties were fairly active, activity dipped in middle age, then rose again for people in their sixties before declining after seventy. People with more education tended to report more exercise. So did people who attended religious services frequently. Self-employed people and those in domestic partnerships also reported more active days than others.

Immigrants reported slightly fewer active days than people born in their country of residence. But these are averages — and the study found huge variation from country to country. In some places, like Sweden and Germany, men and women reported nearly identical activity levels. In others, like Tanzania and Kenya, the gender gap was much wider. The study doesn't tell us why these differences exist, but it gives us a detailed snapshot of who is moving and who isn't around the world.

Figure
5.5x
Global Physical Activity Gap

On average, people in the Philippines reported being physically active 5.5 times more days per week than people in Egypt, highlighting vast international disparities.

Figure
+22%
Gender Gap in Activity

Across the 22 countries studied, men reported being physically active on 22% more days per week than women.

Figure
+0.57 days
Self-Employed Activity Boost

Self-employed individuals reported being active 0.57 more days per week on average compared to homemakers, the least active employment group.

Figure
2:1
Ratio of Activity Inequality

The level of inequality in physical activity was more than twice as high in Egypt, the most unequal country, as it was in the Philippines, the most equal country.

Figures
5.5x
Global Physical Activity Gap

On average, people in the Philippines reported being physically active 5.5 times more days per week than people in Egypt, highlighting vast international disparities.

+22%
Gender Gap in Activity

Across the 22 countries studied, men reported being physically active on 22% more days per week than women.

+0.57 days
Self-Employed Activity Boost

Self-employed individuals reported being active 0.57 more days per week on average compared to homemakers, the least active employment group.

2:1
Ratio of Activity Inequality

The level of inequality in physical activity was more than twice as high in Egypt, the most unequal country, as it was in the Philippines, the most equal country.

§4

Reader Questions

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Research Details
& Citation

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Published
2025
Journal
BMC Public Health
Participants
202,898
Countries
22
Cite this paper
Lee, C. G., Kwon, E., Paltzer, J., Okafor, C. N., VanderWeele, T. J., Johnson, B. R., & Choi, J. H. (2025). Comparison of the relationship between key demographic features and physical activity levels across 22 countries. BMC Public Health, 25(1). https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-025-23594-3
Tags
physical-healthexerciseinequalityeducationreligion-spiritualitydemographics
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