Why We Believe: A Global Story of Faith
What if childhood poverty, trauma, and family breakups have almost no universal link to adult religious belief?
Sociodemographic Variation in Gratitude Using a Cross-National Analysis with 22 Countries
Levels of gratitude vary substantially across different countries, with Indonesia reporting the highest and Japan reporting the lowest among the 22 nations studied.
Across the 22 countries, people who are older, female, married, more educated, and attend religious services more frequently tend to report higher levels of gratitude.
The specific demographic factors associated with gratitude can differ from one country to another, indicating that cultural context plays a role in shaping who feels most grateful.
“Mapping global gratitude allows us to build public health strategies that help people and societies flourish.”
This research is more than just a fascinating look at global emotions; it’s a practical tool for improving well-being. Gratitude isn't just a fleeting feeling; studies have shown it’s linked to better mental health, stronger relationships, and even physical health. By creating the first-ever global 'map' of gratitude, this study provides a crucial baseline. Public health officials and community leaders can now see which countries and which specific groups within them—like young people, men, or the unemployed—report lower levels of gratitude. This allows for the creation of targeted, culturally sensitive programs designed to help those who might benefit most. For example, an initiative might focus on building community for single people or offering mindfulness resources in schools. Understanding these patterns is the first step toward developing public health strategies that don't just fight disease, but actively cultivate the positive emotions, like gratitude, that help people and societies flourish.
“Mapping global gratitude allows us to build public health strategies that help people and societies flourish.”
Ever wondered who the most grateful people in the world are, and why? Researchers recently conducted a massive global study to find out. They surveyed over 200,000 people across 22 diverse countries, from Argentina to the United States, asking a simple but profound question to measure gratitude: how much they agree with the statement, 'If I had to list everything that I felt grateful for, it would be a very long list.'
“The single most powerful predictor of gratitude across the world is the frequency of religious practice.”
The results painted a fascinating and complex picture of thankfulness around the world. The most striking finding was that where you live matters. Gratitude levels varied dramatically by country, with Indonesia reporting the highest average scores and Japan the lowest. This suggests that culture plays a huge role in shaping this emotion.
But the study also looked deeper, exploring how gratitude connects to our personal lives. Across most countries, some clear patterns emerged. Generally, people who are older, women, married, and have more years of education tend to report higher levels of gratitude. People who are retired or self-employed also scored higher, while those who were unemployed and looking for work scored the lowest. However, the single most powerful predictor of gratitude was religious practice.
The more frequently a person attended religious services—from more than once a week to a few times a year—the more grateful they tended to feel. This connection was strong and consistent across most of the countries studied. While the study doesn't say religion *causes* gratitude, it highlights a deep relationship between spiritual community and a thankful outlook. By mapping these patterns, the research gives us an unprecedented look at how our personal circumstances, culture, and spiritual lives intertwine to shape this fundamental human emotion.
On a 10-point scale, average gratitude was 3.1 points higher in Indonesia, the most grateful country surveyed, compared to Japan, the least grateful.
People in Indonesia reported gratitude levels 1.5 times higher than people in Japan, representing the largest difference between any two countries in the study.
Globally, people who attend religious services more than once a week report 14.5% higher gratitude scores than those who never attend.
The inequality in gratitude scores, as measured by the Gini coefficient, was more than twice as high in Türkiye compared to Indonesia.
Okuzono, S. S., Cowden, R. G., Padgett, N., Yancey, G., Johnson, B. R., & VanderWeele, T. J. (2025). Sociodemographic Variation in Gratitude Using a Cross-National Analysis with 22 Countries. International Journal of Applied Positive Psychology, 10(4). https://doi.org/10.1007/s41042-025-00254-w
What if childhood poverty, trauma, and family breakups have almost no universal link to adult religious belief?
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