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Close Social Relationships20256 min read

Happy, Wealthy, and Alone in Hong Kong?

Flourishing in Hong Kong: An analysis of wellbeing-related outcomes in the Global Flourishing Study

Notable finding

People with less education in Hong Kong reported higher happiness and life satisfaction than those with more education

By
Huang, Lanxi et al.
Participants
3,012
Countries
1
Journal
International Journal of Wellbeing
DOI
10.5502/ijw.v15i3.6119
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§1

Key Takeaways

01

Hong Kong respondents reported relatively high happiness and life satisfaction alongside strong financial wellbeing, but exhibited less favorable social connectedness and social support compared to global averages.

02

Wellbeing in Hong Kong varied meaningfully across age groups, with adults aged 50 to 69 showing the most favorable profiles across multiple domains and younger adults aged 18 to 29 displaying the greatest number of less favorable outcomes.

03

Lower educational attainment was associated with higher happiness, life satisfaction, and optimism in Hong Kong, while higher education was linked to greater mastery but a lower sense of purpose, reflecting the complex interplay between education and wellbeing in this cultural context.

§2

Why It Matters

This research reveals an urgent need to focus on community and well-being, not just economic prosperity.

This research matters because it reveals that economic prosperity and personal wellbeing don't always go hand in hand. Hong Kong is one of the wealthiest places on earth, yet many of its residents feel socially disconnected and uncertain about their purpose. For policymakers and public health leaders, these findings point to specific groups — especially younger adults, nonreligious individuals, and those navigating the pressures of higher education — who may benefit from targeted support. The study also highlights a gap between generalized trust (willingness to trust strangers and give to charity) and personal social support (having close people to rely on), suggesting that community-building efforts should focus on deepening close relationships, not just civic engagement. As Hong Kong faces an aging population and the lingering effects of recent social upheaval and pandemic disruptions, understanding who is flourishing — and who is being left behind — provides a roadmap for building a society where more people can thrive.

This research matters because it reveals that economic prosperity and personal wellbeing don't always go hand in hand. Hong Kong is one of the wealthiest places on earth, yet many of its residents feel socially disconnected and uncertain about their purpose. For policymakers and public health leaders, these findings point to specific groups — especially younger adults, nonreligious individuals, and those navigating the pressures of higher education — who may benefit from targeted support. The study also highlights a gap between generalized trust (willingness to trust strangers and give to charity) and personal social support (having close people to rely on), suggesting that community-building efforts should focus on deepening close relationships, not just civic engagement. As Hong Kong faces an aging population and the lingering effects of recent social upheaval and pandemic disruptions, understanding who is flourishing — and who is being left behind — provides a roadmap for building a society where more people can thrive.

This research reveals an urgent need to focus on community and well-being, not just economic prosperity.

§3

The Story

What does it look like to flourish in one of the world's most fast-paced cities? Researchers surveyed over 3,000 adults in Hong Kong as part of a massive 22-country study to find out. The results paint a surprising and complex picture.

Many residents thrive economically but feel a deep sense of social disconnection from those around them.

On one hand, people in Hong Kong reported strong happiness, life satisfaction, and financial security — scoring higher than the global average on feeling at peace, having balance in life, and trusting others. They also gave more to charity and volunteered more often. But there was a catch. When it came to close relationships, social support, and a sense of belonging, Hong Kong residents scored lower than the global average.

Many people said they felt lonely and lacked someone to lean on. The study also found big differences across age groups. Adults in their 50s and 60s tended to report the best overall wellbeing, while younger adults — especially those in their late 20s and 30s — struggled the most with mental health, loneliness, and feeling like they had a voice in society. Another surprising finding: people with less education reported higher happiness and life satisfaction than those with more schooling. Researchers think this might reflect the intense pressure of Hong Kong's competitive education system and job market, where higher qualifications don't always translate into greater fulfillment.

People with no religious affiliation also tended to report lower wellbeing across multiple areas. Overall, the study shows that flourishing in Hong Kong is not a simple story of success or struggle — it's both at the same time, depending on which part of life you look at and who you ask.

Figure
7.16
Average Happiness Score

On a 0-10 scale, Hong Kong respondents reported an average happiness score of 7.16, indicating relatively high subjective wellbeing despite notable challenges in other domains such as social support.

Figure
6.39
Social Support Score

On a 0-10 scale, Hong Kong respondents reported an average social support score of 6.39, which was less favorable than the pooled global average and highlighted a relative weakness in perceived close interpersonal support.

Figure
45%
Depression Screening Rate

Approximately 45% of Hong Kong respondents screened positive for depression, underscoring significant psychological distress within the population despite high overall happiness scores.

Figure
50%
Nonreligious Population Share

Half of Hong Kong respondents reported no religious affiliation, identifying as atheist, agnostic, or nonreligious, and this group consistently showed less favorable scores across psychological wellbeing, social support, trust, and prosocial behavior.

Figures
7.16
Average Happiness Score

On a 0-10 scale, Hong Kong respondents reported an average happiness score of 7.16, indicating relatively high subjective wellbeing despite notable challenges in other domains such as social support.

6.39
Social Support Score

On a 0-10 scale, Hong Kong respondents reported an average social support score of 6.39, which was less favorable than the pooled global average and highlighted a relative weakness in perceived close interpersonal support.

45%
Depression Screening Rate

Approximately 45% of Hong Kong respondents screened positive for depression, underscoring significant psychological distress within the population despite high overall happiness scores.

50%
Nonreligious Population Share

Half of Hong Kong respondents reported no religious affiliation, identifying as atheist, agnostic, or nonreligious, and this group consistently showed less favorable scores across psychological wellbeing, social support, trust, and prosocial behavior.

§4

Reader Questions

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Research Details
& Citation

Chat with this paper
Published
2025
Journal
International Journal of Wellbeing
Participants
3,012
Countries
1
Cite this paper
Huang, L., Xu, J.-Q., Zhao, M. Y., Hou, H., Jarden, A., Lomas, T., Case, B. W., Padgett, R. N., Chen, Y., Cowden, R. G., Johnson, B. R., & VanderWeele, T. J. (2025). Flourishing in Hong Kong: An analysis of wellbeing-related outcomes in the Global Flourishing Study. International Journal of Wellbeing, 15(3), 1–26. https://doi.org/10.5502/ijw.v15i3.6119
Tags
happinesssocial-supportlonelinesseducationincomeage
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